Integrasi Sensor Ultrasonik dan Computer Vision (YOLO) Berbasis ESP32-CAM untuk Klasifikasi Objek pada Sistem Parkir

Kristin Impana Manik; Dedy Kiswanto; Aqilah Defiyanti; Anwar Shaleh Lbn Gaol

doi:10.32672/jnkti.v9i1.159

Authors

Kristin Impana Manik State University of Medan Author
Dedy Kiswanto State University of Medan Author
Aqilah Defiyanti State University of Medan Author
Anwar Shaleh Lbn Gaol State University of Medan Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32672/jnkti.v9i1.159

Keywords:

ESP32CAM; Internet of Things; Sensor Ultrasonik; Sistem Parkir Pintar; YOLO;

Abstract

Abstrak - Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem smart parking berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) yang mengintegrasikan sensor ultrasonik dan metode computer vision berbasis YOLO menggunakan modul ESP32-CAM untuk mendeteksi jarak serta mengklasifikasikan objek manusia dan non-manusia secara real-time. Sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 digunakan untuk membaca jarak objek di area depan dan belakang kendaraan, sementara ESP32-CAM berfungsi menangkap citra lingkungan yang selanjutnya diproses melalui server berbasis Flask. Informasi jarak dan hasil klasifikasi objek kemudian diolah untuk menentukan status kondisi parkir, yaitu aman, hati-hati, dan bahaya, yang ditampilkan pada dashboard pemantauan real-time serta diteruskan ke indikator fisik berupa lampu lalu lintas mini dan buzzer sebagai peringatan kepada pengguna. Pengujian fungsional menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu bekerja secara stabil dalam membaca jarak, mendeteksi keberadaan objek, serta menampilkan status parkir secara konsisten pada berbagai skenario jarak dan kondisi lingkungan. Integrasi sensor ultrasonik dan computer vision pada sistem ini memberikan informasi yang lebih komprehensif dibandingkan penggunaan sensor tunggal, sehingga berpotensi meningkatkan keselamatan dan efektivitas pemantauan area parkir. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, sistem ini berpotensi dikembangkan melalui optimalisasi model deteksi objek serta perluasan variasi kondisi pengujian guna memastikan kinerja sistem yang andal pada lingkungan parkir yang lebih kompleks.

Kata kunci : ESP32CAM; Internet of Things; Sensor Ultrasonik; Sistem Parkir Pintar; YOLO;

Abstract – This research develops an Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart parking system that integrates ultrasonic sensors and YOLO-based computer vision using the ESP32-CAM module to detect object distance and classify human and non-human objects in real time. The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors are used to measure object distance in the front and rear areas of the vehicle, while the ESP32-CAM captures environmental images that are processed through a Flask-based server. The distance information and object classification results are then utilized to determine parking condition status, namely safe, caution, and danger, which are displayed on a real-time monitoring dashboard and transmitted to physical indicators in the form of a mini traffic light and buzzer. Functional testing shows that the system operates stably in reading distances, detecting object presence, and consistently displaying parking status under various distance and environmental conditions. The integration of ultrasonic sensing and computer vision provides more comprehensive information than single-sensor approaches, indicating its potential to improve safety and effectiveness in parking area monitoring. For future research, this system has the potential to be further developed through the optimization of the object detection model and the expansion of testing condition variations to ensure reliable system performance in more complex parking environment.

Keywords: ESP32CAM; Internet of Things; Ultrasonic Sensor; Smart Parking System; YOLO;

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Author Biographies

Kristin Impana Manik, State University of Medan

Program Studi Ilmu Komputer
Dedy Kiswanto, State University of Medan

Program Studi Ilmu Komputer
Aqilah Defiyanti, State University of Medan

Program Studi Ilmu Komputer
Anwar Shaleh Lbn Gaol, State University of Medan

Program Studi Ilmu Komputer

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